IPROC iproc Iproceedings 2369-6893 JMIR Publications Toronto, Canada v8i1e36511 10.2196/36511 Abstract Abstract Pattern of Comorbidities and the Impact on Outcomes in Patients With COVID-19 in Babel Governorate, Iraq, in 2020 Khader Yousef Hussein Alaa MBChB 1
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research Babil Health Directorate, Public Health Department Al Mussaib Health District Babil Al-Hilla Iraq 964 07801531937 Alaa.hussein1300a@comed.uobaghdad.edu.iq
Lami Faris PhD 1 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3673-3818 Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research Babil Al-Hilla Iraq Corresponding Author: Alaa Hussein Alaa.hussein1300a@comed.uobaghdad.edu.iq Jan-Dec 2022 24 2 2022 8 1 e36511 16 1 2022 24 1 2022 ©Alaa Hussein, Faris Lami. Originally published in Iproceedings (https://www.iproc.org), 24.02.2022. 2022

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 Background

Comorbidities pose a major clinical challenge to the care and treatment of patients with COVID-19.

 Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of common comorbidities on the severity, outcome, and length of stay in the hospital for patients with COVID-19 in Babel Governorate, Iraq, in 2020.

 Methods

All laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the 2 COVID-19 hospitals in Babel Governorate from March through September 2020 were included. We developed a form to document sociodemographic data, clinical presentation, severity, comorbidities, length of hospital stay, and outcomes.

 Results

 A total of 2574 patients were included; 1581 (61.4%) were men. The mean age was 48.7 (SD 16.4) years. There were 1212 (47.1%) severe cases and 489 (19%) critical cases. There were 1543 (59.9%) patients with no comorbidity, 536 (20.9%) patients with 1 comorbidity, and 495 (19.2%) patients with 2 or more comorbidities. The most common comorbidity was diabetes mellitus (643/1599, 25%), followed by hypertension (598/1599, 23.4%). The proportion of severe or critical cases among the patients with comorbidities was 84% (865/1031) compared to 54.1% (836/1543) among the patients with no comorbidity (P<.001). About 12% (125/1031) of patients with comorbidities had a mean hospitalization time >2 weeks compared to the 8% (123/1543) of patients with no comorbidity (P<.001). The case-fatality ratio was 26.4% (272/1031) in patients with comorbidities compared to 10.6% (163/1543) in patients with no comorbidity (P<.001).

 Conclusions

Comorbidity is a significant predictor of serious hospital course and fatal outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Patients with comorbidities must be vigilant with preventive measures and should be prioritized for COVID-19 vaccination.

 comorbidities COVID-19 Iraq hypertension diabetes 2020