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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">IPROC</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">iproc</journal-id>
      <journal-title>Iproceedings</journal-title>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2369-6893</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>JMIR Publications</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>Toronto, Canada</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">v8i1e41061</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="pmid"/>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2196/41061</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Abstract</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="article-type">
          <subject>Abstract</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Telemedicine and Remote Rehabilitation for Patients with Cardiac Disease Post COVID-19 Era</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Dinesen</surname>
            <given-names>Birthe</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib id="contrib1" contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Daida</surname>
            <given-names>Hiroyuki</given-names>
          </name>
          <degrees>MD, PhD</degrees>
          <xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff">1</xref>
          <address>
            <institution>Faculty of Health Science</institution>
            <institution>Juntendo University</institution>
            <addr-line>2-1-1 Hongo</addr-line>
            <addr-line>Bunkyo-ku</addr-line>
            <addr-line>Tokyo, 03</addr-line>
            <country>Japan</country>
            <phone>81 338133111 ext 3900</phone>
            <email>daida@juntendo.ac.jp</email>
          </address>
          <ext-link ext-link-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3867-0961</ext-link>
        </contrib>
        <contrib id="contrib2" contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Kagiyama</surname>
            <given-names>Nobuyuki</given-names>
          </name>
          <degrees>MD, PhD</degrees>
          <xref rid="aff2" ref-type="aff">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib id="contrib3" contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Kasai</surname>
            <given-names>Takatoshi</given-names>
          </name>
          <degrees>MD, PhD</degrees>
          <xref rid="aff3" ref-type="aff">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib id="contrib4" contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="western">
            <surname>Takahashi</surname>
            <given-names>Tetsuya</given-names>
          </name>
          <degrees>PT, PhD</degrees>
          <xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution>Faculty of Health Science</institution>
        <institution>Juntendo University</institution>
        <addr-line>Tokyo</addr-line>
        <country>Japan</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution>Department of Digital Health and Telemedicine R&amp;D</institution>
        <institution>Juntendo University</institution>
        <addr-line>Tokyo</addr-line>
        <country>Japan</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution>Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Vascular Biology</institution>
        <addr-line>Tokyo</addr-line>
        <country>Japan</country>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp>Corresponding Author: Hiroyuki Daida <email>daida@juntendo.ac.jp</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <season>Jan-Dec</season>
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>24</day>
        <month>8</month>
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>8</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <elocation-id>e41061</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>13</day>
          <month>7</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>19</day>
          <month>8</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <copyright-statement>©Hiroyuki Daida, Nobuyuki Kagiyama, Takatoshi Kasai, Tetsuya Takahashi. Originally published in Iproceedings (https://www.iproc.org), 24.08.2022.</copyright-statement>
      <copyright-year>2022</copyright-year>
      <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
        <p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in Iproceedings, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://www.iproc.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.</p>
      </license>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://www.iproc.org/2022/1/e41061" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <abstract>
        <sec sec-type="background">
          <title>Background</title>
          <p>The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the changes of daily practice in medical care worldwide. Telemedicine is one of the most stimulated fields among these changes, even in the cardiovascular disease care. In the past decade, remote monitoring has become an important tool that provides valuable clinical information via respiratory assist devices and implantable pacemakers from patients at home.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec sec-type="objective">
          <title>Objective</title>
          <p>The objective of our study was to investigate whether these remote monitoring approaches could include a broader spectrum of patients with cardiac disease with the development of noninvasive monitoring devices.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec sec-type="methods">
          <title>Methods</title>
          <p>Several pilot studies of telemedicine-based monitoring systems using commercially available digital devices were conducted in the infectious disease wards and other clinical settings during the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluated the effectiveness of a remote heart monitoring system that provides real-time electrocardiogram and other vital signs monitoring in patients with cardiovascular disease. A newly developed remote cardiac rehabilitation system was also evaluated.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec sec-type="results">
          <title>Results</title>
          <p>We found that current remote monitoring technology could provide sufficient monitoring of vital signs, suggesting a potential to predict a worsening of heart failure in advance. Remote cardiac rehabilitation could be effectively and safely provided in patients with low to medium risk.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec sec-type="conclusions">
          <title>Conclusions</title>
          <p>Telemedicine and remote cardiac rehabilitation possess a great potential in the cardiovascular disease practice post COVID-19 era; however, there are several unsolved issues regarding their implementation in the real-world clinical practice.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>telemedicine</kwd>
        <kwd>remote cardiac rehabilitation</kwd>
        <kwd>digital device</kwd>
        <kwd>post COVID-19</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <back>
    <app-group/>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="conflict">
        <p>None declared.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
  </back>
</article>
